thermochemistry

Thermochemistry refers to chemical thermodynamics – the energetic principles that underlie chemical reactions, phase changes, and solution formation. In essence, thermodynamically favourable reactions move readily from reactants to products, and are accelerated in the presence of specific catalysts or enzymes.

Basics

All life is based upon chemical reactions.

Horizontal Genomics: Mobile genetic elements: the agents of open source evolution.

Mobile genetic elements: the agents of open source evolution.: "Horizontal genomics is a new field in prokaryotic biology that is focused on the analysis of DNA sequences in prokaryotic chromosomes that seem to have originated from other prokaryotes or eukaryotes. However, it is equally important to understand the agents that effect DNA movement: plasmids, bacteriophages and transposons. Although these agents occur in all prokaryotes, comprehensive genomics of the prokaryotic mobile gene pool or 'mobilome' lags behind other genomics initiatives owing to challenges that are distinct from cellular chromosomal analysis. Recent work shows promise of improved mobile genetic element (MGE) genomics and consequent opportunities to take advantage - and avoid the dangers - of these 'natural genetic engineers'."

Frost LS, Leplae R, Summers AO, Toussaint A. Mobile genetic elements: the agents of open source evolution. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2005 Sep;3(9):722-32.

External : Transposons part 1, transposons part 2 : Barbara McClintock and mobile genetic elements :

adhesion items

adhesion: · Cadherins . cadherins CAM . catenins · cellular adhesion · cellular adhesion molecules (CAM) . chemotaxis · cytokines · cytokine receptors . cytokinesis • cytoskeleton • focal adhesion kinases · Immunoglobulins · Integrins . integrins CAM . intermediate filaments . keratins . kinetochores .lamins . LEC-CAMs • MAPs . microfilaments . microtubules . microtubule-associated proteins • PI-3-K · Rho GTPases · second messengers · Selectins . signal transduction · TNFs · two-component systems . tubulin . tubulin growth ·  Cell Adhesion Molecules  Cell signaling  Immune Cytokines  Second Messengers  signaling items

chromosome items

chromosomes : abasic site ~ AP site : centromere : chromosome ~ chromatid, chromatin, chromosome : constitutive heterochromatin : DNA : euchromatin : facultative heterochromatin ~heterochromatin : kinetochore : nucleosome :